Features of antiseptic treatment of root canal systems in chronic periodontitis using photoactivation (literature review)

DOI: 10.47026/2413-4864-2026-2-58-67

UDC: 616.314.17-008.1-002:616.314.163-08:615.831
BBC: 56.612.13

Vinnik A.V., Sergeeva A.P., Vinnik S.V.

Features of antiseptic treatment of root canal systems in chronic periodontitis using photoactivation (literature review)

Keywords: chronic apical periodontitis, photo-activated disinfection, laser in dentistry, photodynamic therapy, photosensitizers

Chronic periodontitis remains one of the most common dental pathologies: its prevalence ranges from 40 to 95% in various age groups and there is no sign of a global decline in its incidence. The main challenge in treatment lies in the lack of a product that can fully ensure sterility of the root canal system, whilst traditional sodium hypochlorite irrigation has its limitations: insufficient efficacy against resistant strains (Enterococcus spp., Candida spp.) and the risk of tissue damage. The purpose of the review is to systematize and analyze the data of modern literature on the potential opportunities and limitations of antiseptic root canal treatment methods when treating chronic periodontitis using photoactivation, as well as to determine the place of this technology in solving the problem of persistent root canal infection. A literature search was conducted in the databases eLibrary, PubMed, CyberLeninka, ScienceEducation and others on the topic: "Features of antiseptic treatment of root canal systems in chronic periodontitis using photoactivation", as well as by Key words: "photodynamic therapy", "root canal irrigation", "laser in dentistry", "photoactivated disinfection", "endodontic disinfection" and other formulations in English and Russian. 29 literature sources dated 2010–2025 were selected with the results of clinical and laboratory studies. Data on the prevalence of chronic periodontitis and its microbiological environment are described and systematized; the effect of the standard protocol for root canal treatment with sodium hypochlorite, as well as various types of lasers used in endodontics, is investigated. The analysis showed that the erbium laser is the most promising for endodontics, and the combined use of sodium hypochlorite and laser in experimental studies ensured complete eradication of microflora, while irrigation with hypochlorite solution alone reduced contamination by only 4 times. The key advantage of the method is its effectiveness against resistant strains (Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans) resistant to the standard treatment protocol. A review of the literature data allows us to consider photoactivated disinfection not as an alternative, but as an effective addition to the traditional protocol, improving the quality of root canal treatment and reducing the risk of chronic periodontitis recurrence. Standardization of protocols and further clinical studies are needed to implement the method in practice.

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About authors

Vinnik Anastasia V.: Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Therapeutic Dentistry with a course in Osteopathy, Samara State Medical University, Russia, Samara (a.v.vinnik@samsmu.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0334-8593)

Sergeeva Alina P.: 4th year Student, Institute of Dentistry, Samara State Medical University, Russia, Samara (a.p.sergeeva02@gmail.com; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5977-367X)

Vinnik Sergey V.: Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director, Institute of Dentistry, Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Samara State Medical University, Russia, Samara (s.v.vinnik@samsmu.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-9891)

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Vinnik A.V., Sergeeva A.P., Vinnik S.V. Features of antiseptic treatment of root canal systems in chronic periodontitis using photoactivation (literature review) [Electronic resource] // Acta medica Eurasica. – 2026. – №2. P. 58-67. – URL: https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/en/single/2026/2/6/. DOI: 10.47026/2413-4864-2026-2-58-67.

Single article

Vinnik A.V., Sergeeva A.P., Vinnik S.V.