Antagonists of neurokinin receptors: their use in clinical practice and new perspectives

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Shumilova N.A., Pavlova S.I.

Antagonists of neurokinin receptors: their use in clinical practice and new perspectives

Keywords: NK1 neurokinin receptors, antiemetic agents, aprepitant, rolapitant, fosaprepitant, netupitant

Vomiting and nausea can develop when various factors affect the human body. Taking certain xenobiotics, including medications such as antitumor chemotherapeutic agents and anaesthetic agents, causes nausea and vomiting. In addition, these symptoms may develop in kinetoses (motion sickness). But if nausea and vomiting in kinetoses are often successfully stopped by antihistamines, then the symptoms and signs induced by chemotherapy are controlled worse. To prevent nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy, 5HT3 serotonin receptor antagonists and glucocorticoids are used. As practice shows, these drugs are good at controlling acute nausea and vomiting, but they do not successfully control delayed nausea and vomiting, which develops on the 2-3 day after chemotherapy. A new class of antiemetic drugs – antagonists of NK1 receptors – more effectively controls delayed nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. The article describes the role of neurokinin receptors and their antagonists in the development of emetogenic effects, provides additional pharmacological effects of this group of drugs, discusses their effectiveness and safety.

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About authors

Shumilova Nadezhda A.: Senior Lecturer, Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (pharmamail@yandex.ru; )

Pavlova Svetlana I.: Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (flavonoid@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-7866)

Article link

Shumilova N.A., Pavlova S.I. Antagonists of neurokinin receptors: their use in clinical practice and new perspectives [Electronic resource] // Acta medica Eurasica. – 2020. – №2. P. 91-99. – URL: https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/en/single/2020/2/9/.

Single article

Shumilova N.A., Pavlova S.I.