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DOI: 10.47026/2413-4864-2025-3-68-97
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UDC: 616.981.21/.958.7
BBC: 55.142

Mikhailov A.O., Plekhova N.G., Toropkova L.A., Sokotun S.A., Belevich I.O.

The role of innate immune cells in the pathogenesis of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID –19, cellular immunity, innate immunity

This article, based on a literature review, presents current data on the role of innate immunity cells in the pathogenesis of coronavirus infection. The relationship between activation of various innate immune cells and the severity of COVID-19 is investigated. In particular, the role of neutrophils, lymphocytes, dendritic cells, NK cells and cells expressing HLA-DR in COVID-19 is considered. The review places emphasis on complex interaction between these cells in forming an effective immune response against SARS-CoV-2, as well as their contribution to inflammatory processes that can lead to severe course of the disease. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which these cells contribute to both protection and pathology development in COVID-19, which will be crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. This awareness will contribute to a better understanding of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and development of targeted therapies. The review also discusses the potential of modulating the innate immune response to improve clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Finally, the article identifies areas where further research is needed to fully understand the complex interrelationship of innate immune cells in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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About authors

Mikhailov Aleksandr O.
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pacific State Medical University, Russia, Vladivostok (mao1991@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-3629)
Plekhova Natalya G.
Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of the Interdisciplinary Research Center, Pacific State Medical University, Russia, Vladivostok (pl_nat@hotmail.com; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8701-7213)
Toropkova Lyudmila A.
Gastroenterologist, Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2, Russia, Vladivostok (nedovesova73@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5204-809X)
Sokotun Svetlana A.
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pacific State Medical University, Russia, Vladivostok (sokotun.s@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3807-3259)
Belevich Ivan O.
Assistant Lecturer, Department of Infectious Diseases, Pacific State Medical University, Russia, Vladivostok (belevich_1998@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9480-2199)

Article link

Mikhailov A.O., Plekhova N.G., Toropkova L.A., Sokotun S.A., Belevich I.O. The role of innate immune cells in the pathogenesis of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 [Electronic resource] // Acta medica Eurasica. – 2025. – №3. P. 68-97. – URL: https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/en/single/2025/3/8/. DOI: 10.47026/2413-4864-2025-3-68-97.

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