UDC: 57+616.33
BBC: 52.5,53.433,55.6
Diomidova V.N., Efimova O.A.
Morphometric assessment of tumor structure in gastric adenocarcinoma
Keywords: adenocarcinoma, stomach, histology, morphology, computed tomography, ultrasound diagnostics
Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type of gastric cancer which is mainly detected in the late stages. To develop personalized approaches to the treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma and improve long-term clinical outcomes in patients with this disease, it is necessary to increase the accuracy of diagnosing this type of cancer, including by integration of data obtained by radiation diagnostics and histomorphological examination. The aim of the study was to carry out a comparative morphometric assessment of the tumor structure in gastric adenocarcinoma based on the results of histomorphological and radiological examination methods. Materials and methods. A retrospective and prospective analysis of the data of 365 patients with gastric cancer examined between 2022 and 2023 was carried out. All patients underwent ultrasound examination of the stomach and computed tomography of the abdominal organs. Fibrogastroduodenoscopy was also performed on all patients at different stages of the study. The results of the diagnostic procedures were confirmed histologically using endoscopic, postoperative and autopsy materials. A morphometric assessment of the tumor structure was performed using such parameters as thickness, extent and area of area of gastric wall lesion, calculated using the ellipse formula. The standard methods of statistical analysis of medical data in the Microsoft Excel 2007 program are applied. Results. In patients with stomach cancer, adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in the vast majority of cases (80.3%). Most patients with this type of cancer are elderly. The incidence is more common in men. The antrum is most often affected (34.8). The development of multiple lesions was noted (15.4%). The analysis of morphometric parameters of gastric adenocarcinoma according to radiation diagnostic methods showed high sensitivity and accuracy of ultrasound examination (98.7%, 97.5%) and computed tomography (98.2%, 97.8%). Conclusions. A comparative morphometric assessment of the tumor structure in gastric adenocarcinoma was performed according to the data obtained by computed tomography and ultrasound examination of the stomach. A high direct relationship between the indices showing the thickness of the gastric wall, the length and the tumor area in gastric adenocarcinoma was established. The informative value of radiation research methods in the diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma was comparably high.
References
- Amelina I.D., Shevkunov L.N., Karachun A.M. et al. Vizualizatsiya raka zheludka: komp’yuterno-tomograficheskaya pnevmogastrografiya [Gastric cancer imaging: computed tomographic pneumogastrografy]. Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii, 2021, no. 3, pp. 155–165. DOI: 10.20862/0042-4676-2021-102-3-155-165.
- Sedykh S.A., Mitina L.A., Kazakevich V.I. et al. Vozmozhnosti ul’trazvukovogo issledovaniya v opredelenii mestnoi rasprostranennosti opukholi u bol’nykh rakom zheludka [Abilities of ultrasonography in definition of local spread of a stomach cancer]. Meditsinskaya vizualizatsiya, 2005, no. 5, pp. 51–56.
- Shushval M.S., Volkova L.V., Nyzhnik L.M., Musatov A.A. Issledovanie osobennostei stroeniya tsentral’nykh i perifericheskikh otdelov kartsinom zheludka [Study of peculiarities of structure of central and peripheral areas of stomach carcinomas]. Vestnik novykh meditsinskikh tekhnologii, 2020, no. 4, pp. 11–15. DOI: 10.24411/2075-4094-2020-16660.
- Litvinova E.S. Kharakteristika raka zheludka [Characteristics of stomach cancer]. Regional’nyi vestnik, 2020, no. 7(46), pp. 14–15.
- Mitina L.A. Ul’trazvukovaya diagnostika opukholei pishchevoda, zheludka i tolstoi kishki: avtoref. dis. … dok. med. nauk [Ultrasonic diagnostics of esophageal, gastric, and colonic tumors: Abstract of Doct. Diss.]. Moscow, 2010, 41 p.
- Rak zheludka: klinicheskie rekomendatsii [Gastric cancer: clinical guidelines]. Moscow, 2023, 61 p.
- Besova N.S., Kalinin A.E., Nered S.N. et al. Rak zheludka. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii [Gastric cancer. Clinical guidelines]. Sovremennaya onkologiya, 2021, no. 23(4), pp. 541–571. DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2021.4.201239.
- Savel’ev I.N., Frolova I.G., Afanas’ev S.G. et al. Rol’ UZI i KT v luchevoi diagnostike kardioezofageal’nogo raka [Role of ultrasound and spiral computed tomography in diagnosis of cardioesofageal cancer]. Byulleten’ sibirskoi meditsiny, 2016, no. 4, pp. 91–96.
- Styazhkina S.N., Bazhina Yu.S. Osobennosti diagnostiki i lecheniya raka zheludka s metastazami na primere klinicheskogo sluchaya [Features of diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer with metastases: a clinical case study]. Modern Science, 2022, no. 5-2, pp. 171–174.
- Ajani J.A., D’Amico T.A., Bentrem D.J. et al. Gastric Cancer, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2022, vol. 2, pp. 167–192. DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0008.
- Gunduz I., Acehan T., Alemdar A. et al. Comparison of staging systems in gastric carcinoma. Int J Clin Pract, 2021, vol. 75, e14703. DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14703.
- Klingbeil K.D., Eng I.K., Dube P. et al. CT Imaging as a Single Modality for Clinical Staging of Gastric Cancer in Limited Resource Centers: A Retrospective Pilot Study. J Surg Oncol, 2024, vol. 130(8), pp. 1551–1562. DOI: 10.1002/jso.27857.
- Proskuriakova E., Balamurali V., Hooda A. et al. Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma discovered in the bone marrow. BMJ Case Rep, 2024, vol. 17(9), e260217. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-260217.
- The WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Digestive system tumors. WHO classification of tumors vol. 1. 5th Lyon, France, IARC, 2019, 635 p.
- Wang X., Gao X., Yu J. et al. Emerging trends in earlyonset gastric cancer. Chin Med J (Engl), 2024, vol. 137(18), pp. 2146–2156. DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003259.
- Zhao J., Ren G., Cai R. et al. Mucinous adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma: differing clinicopathological characteristics and computed tomography features in gastric cancer. Oncotarget, 2017, vol. 8(28), pp. 45698–45709. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17389.
About authors
- Diomidova Valentina N.
- Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases with a Course of Radiation Diagnostics, Chuvash State University; Head of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, City Clinical Hospital № 1, Russia, Cheboksary (diomidovavn@rambler.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-7971)
- Efimova Oksana A.
- Radiologist, Republican Oncology Dispensary; Senior Lecturer, Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases with a Course of Radiation Diagnostics, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (oksanalekseevna.e@gmail.com; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0624-4992)
Article link
Diomidova V.N., Efimova O.A. Morphometric assessment of tumor structure in gastric adenocarcinoma [Electronic resource] // Acta medica Eurasica. – 2025. – №3. P. 11-19. – URL: https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/en/single/2025/3/2/. DOI: 10.47026/2413-4864-2025-3-11-19.