Comparative Analysis of Neuroglial Relationships in Some Forms of Neurodegenerative Diseases

DOI: 10.47026/2413-4864-2022-4-27-36

UDC: 616.8-091.81-005.4:616.831.31
BBC: 28.0

Kozlov V.A., Voronov L.N., Smirnova N.V., Karyshev P.B., Stepanova A.A., Plyukhin S.V., Lyalina E.Yu.

Comparative Analysis of Neuroglial Relationships in Some Forms of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Keywords: neurons, glia, parkinsonism, encephalopathy, alcohol, neurodegeneration

The aim of the study was to compare the measurable quantitative indicators of neurons and neuroglia in the gyrus precentralis region in relatively healthy individuals who died from nonviolent death and not as an outcome of the disease with similar indicators in those who died as a result of lifetime neurodegenerative diseases. Material and methods. 47 cases of nonviolent death were examined: 6 persons were relatively healthy individuals without a history of neurological diseases (average age – 67.0±7.7 years), in 2 persons– parkinsonism was diagnosed in vivo (G20.X, average age 77.0±7.1 years), in 23 persons – G93.4 (unspecified encephalopathy, 51.6±14.1 years), in 13 persons – G31.2 (degeneration of the nervous system caused by alcohol, 55.5±8.4 years). There were 32 men and 15 women. Sex differences were not taken into account in statistical processing. Results. in relatively healthy patients, the median number of neurons (N) is 26.0 (percentiles 10¸90 – 22,0¸29,0 ), coefficient of variation (CV) – 11.0, area of neurons, microns ² (SN) – 265.3 (234.2¸352.5), CV = 16.6; neuroglia (NG) – 80.0 (75 ¸88), CV = 6.0; neuroglial index (NGI) – 3.1 (2.6¸3.8), CV = 3.2, neuroglial area, microns² (SNG) – 15.3 (9.9¸25.9, KV = 38.2. In the deceased G20.X – N = 2.0 (1.0¸5.0), p = 0.0116, CV = 54.0, SN = 88.8 (53.6¸117.6), p = 0.0124, CV = 31.1; NG = 32.0 (21.0¸37.0), p = 0.4179, CV = 21.0, SNG = 12.3 (8.1¸20.0), p = 0.0006, CV = 36.1; NGI = 12.2 (6.8¸28.0), p = 0.000, CV = 57.0. In G93.4 – N = 3.0 (1.0¸4.0), p = 0.0065, CV = 35.0, SN = 177.6 (47.9¸299.6), p = 0.0007, CV = 52.4; NG = 83.0 (68.0¸94.0), p = 0.1618, CV = 10, SNG = 14.6 (9.9¸21.0), p = 0.0007, CV = 31.6; NGI = 28.7 (19.3¸83.0), p = 0.0000, CV = 56.0. In G31.2 – N = 15.0 (11.0¸20.0), p = 0.6767, CV = 21.0, SN = 59.7 (37.9¸77.8), p = 0.0000, CV = 28.1; NG = 62.0 (49.0¸77.0), p = 0.0477, CV = 16.0, SNG = 14.6 (9.2¸21.7), p = 0.0122, CV = 33.4; NGI = 3.8 (2.7¸7.0), p = 0.0003, CV = 38.2. Conclusions: 1) in parkinsonism, a significant decrease in the number and area of neurons and neuroglia was revealed; 2) in G93.4, neurons are more involved in the pathological process than glial cells; 3) in G31.2, there is an equally large decrease in the number of neurons and glial cells, but the area of neurons decreases more significantly than in glial cells.

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About authors

Kozlov Vadim A.: Doctor of Biological Sciences, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Medical Biology with a course in Microbiology and Virology, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (pooh12@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7488-1240)

Voronov Leonid N.: Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Department of Medical Biology with a Course in Microbiology and Virology, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (lnvoronov@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0504-4216)

Smirnova Nadezhda V.: Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Department of Medical Biology with course of Microbiology and Virology, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (nadyas05@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-6301)

Karyshev Pavel B.: Laboratory Assistant, Department of Medical Biology with the Course of Microbiology and Virology, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (pkarmol@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7703-8889)

Stepanova Anatasia A.: 3rd Year Student, Medicine Faculty, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (anastasiya23s@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-5234)

Plyukhin Sergey V.: Candidate of Medical Sciences, Doctor Forensic Medical Expert, Head, Republican Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, Russia, Cheboksary (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3670-3157)

Lyalina Elena Yu.: Pathologist, Head of the Pathoanatomical Department, Republican Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination, Russia, Cheboksary (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5381-2676)

Article link

Kozlov V.A., Voronov L.N., Smirnova N.V., Karyshev P.B., Stepanova A.A., Plyukhin S.V., Lyalina E.Yu. Comparative Analysis of Neuroglial Relationships in Some Forms of Neurodegenerative Diseases [Electronic resource] // Acta medica Eurasica. – 2022. – №4. P. 27-36. – URL: https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/en/single/2022/4/3/. DOI: 10.47026/2413-4864-2022-4-27-36.

Single article

Kozlov V.A., Voronov L.N., Smirnova N.V., Karyshev P.B., Stepanova A.A., Plyukhin S.V., Lyalina E.Yu.