Epidemiology of ovarian cancer in early stages

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Efimova O., Safonova M.

Epidemiology of ovarian cancer in early stages

Keywords: ovarian cancer in early stages, epidemiology, radiologic diagnosis

Genital female neoplasms are in the top in morbidity patterns for all types of cancer in the female population. Ovarian cancer holds a leading position in the structure of female cancer incidence and mortality from malignant neoplasms. The problem of detecting ovarian cancer in early stages is relevant and holds a specific place. The purpose and objectives of the article are to determine the incidence of ovarian cancer in early stages, to define prevalence of histological types of ovarian cancer among the early stages, the time interval between the onset of symptoms and seeking medical help. Examination data of 289 patients aged 23 to 93 with ovarian cancer revealed in the period from 2015 to 2017 were analyzed. Among instrumental data, the methods of ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography were used. Early stages of ovarian cancer were found in 37,5% of examined women, late stages – 62,5%. Ovarian cancer is more often seen in the age group of 51-60 years old women. Epithelial type of ovarian cancer was found in 78,7% of cases, stromal cell-derived type – in 13%, germ cell type – in 5,6%, clear cell cancer – in 2,8%, mixed type – in 0,9%. The most frequent complaints in ovarian cancer in early stages were aching pain in the lower abdomen – 65% and abdominal distention – 14%. 13% of patients had no complaints. The time from the onset of complaints to visiting the doctor more often took from 6 months to 2 years. The patients were subjected to diagnostic radiology: ultrasonography in 100% cases, magnetic resonance imaging – in 43,5% of cases, computer tomography – in 10% of cases. Most cases of ovarian cancer are represented by advanced stages. Early detection of ovarian cancer is low. In reproductive age, early forms of ovarian cancer are observed more often. The most common histological type of ovarian cancer in the early stages is epithelial one. Ovarian cancer has no pathognomonic symptoms, it develops latently, asymptomatically, or with obscure abdominal pains, which complicates its diagnosis and causes late presentation for consulting a doctor. Diagnostic radiology methods are necessary for making the diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most informative diagnostic method for ovarian cancer, especially in the early stages.

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About authors

Safonova Marina Anatolievna: Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary radiology unit head; obstetrics and gynecology department graduate student, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (safmaran@yandex.ru; )

Efimova Oksana A.: Radiologist, Republican Oncology Dispensary; Senior Lecturer,
Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases with a Course of Radiation Diagnostics, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (oksanalekseevna.e@gmail.com; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0624-4992)

Article link

Efimova O., Safonova M. Epidemiology of ovarian cancer in early stages [Electronic resource] // Acta medica Eurasica. – 2018. – №4. P. 9-18. – URL: https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/en/single/2018/4/2/.

Single article

Efimova O., Safonova M.