Acta Medica Eurasica2413-48642413-486410.47026/2413-4864-2026-2-68-84OtherСовременные подходы к лечению заболеваний височно-нижнечелюстного сустава: от окклюзионной шинотерапии к артроскопииModern approaches to the treatment of temporomandibular joint diseases: from occlusive splint therapy to arthroscopyГрищенкоВероника СергеевнаGrishchenkoVeronika S.veronikagrisenko3@gmail.comСаблинаТатьяна МихайловнаSablinaTatiana M.iv_taniii@mail.ruЕфремоваАнастасия ВладимировнаEfremovaAnastasia V.nastasya.efremova.87@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5678-1104ФроловаКристина ЕвгеньевнаFrolovaKristina E.kristina.frolova.1983@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5097-0601СкворцоваЕлена НиколаевнаSkvortsovaElena N.len.skvortzova2014@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0984-2488МаксимовПавел ВладимировичMaksimovPavel V.pavel7.maksimov@yandex.ruКараянАршавир ВалериковичKarayanArshavir V.stomatologfs@yandex.ruPenza State UniversityPenzaRussiaПензенский государственный университетПензаРоссияPenza Dental ClinicPenzaRussiaПензенская стоматологическая поликлиникаПензаРоссия2506202626884https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/CC BY 4.0https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/single/2026/2/7/

Представлен анализ современных методов лечения заболеваний височно-нижнечелюстного сустава; рассмотрена эволюция подходов от окклюзионной шинотерапии до артроскопических методик. Проанализированы возможности консервативных (сплинт-терапия, инъекции ботулотоксина, гиалуроновой кислоты и обогащенной тромбоцитами плазмы) и хирургических методов (артроцентез, артроскопия, артротомия, эндопротезирование) в восстановлении функции сустава и купировании болевого синдрома. Цель обзора – систематизация современных подходов к лечению заболеваний височно-нижнечелюстного сустава на основе анализа данных научной литературы. Длительная дисфункция височно-нижнечелюстного сустава приводит к хроническому болевому синдрому, ограничению открывания рта и нарушению жевательной функции. Отсутствие своевременного лечения способствует прогрессированию дегенеративных изменений в суставе, формированию мышечно-суставных дисфункций и значительному снижению качества жизни пациентов. Нарушение функции жевания изменяет пищевой рацион, вызывает проблемы с пищеварением, а хронический болевой синдром провоцирует развитие психоэмоциональных расстройств. Систематический поиск литературы выполнен с использованием баз данных eLIBRARY, PubMed, CyberLeninka. По запросу «Modern approaches to treatment of temporomandibular joint diseases» и его аналогам на русском языке получено 892 публикации. Отобрано 50 источников отечественной и зарубежной литературы с целью изучения эффективности различных методов лечения заболеваний височно-нижнечелюстного сустава. Проанализированы обзорные и оригинальные статьи, мета-анализы и клинические рекомендации. Установлено, что современная стратегия лечения заболеваний височно-нижнечелюстного сустава основана на принципах этапности – от консервативных методов к хирургическим, с обязательным учетом индивидуальных особенностей пациента. Следовательно, необходимо тщательное изучение возможностей и ограничений каждого метода для разработки персонализированных программ лечения пациентов с патологией височно-нижнечелюстного сустава.

The analysis of modern methods of treatment of diseases of the temporomandibular joint is presented; the evolution of approaches from occlusive splint therapy to arthroscopic techniques is considered. The opportunities of conservative (splint therapy, injections of botulinum toxin, hyaluronic acid and platelet-rich plasma) and surgical methods (arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, arthrotomy, endoprosthesis) in restoring joint function and relieving pain syndrome are analyzed.
 The purpose of the review is to systematize modern approaches to the treatment of the temporomandibular joint diseases based on the analysis of scientific literature data.
 Prolonged dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint leads to chronic pain syndrome, limited mouth opening and impaired chewing function. The lack of timely treatment contributes to progression of degenerative changes in the joint, formation of musculoskeletal dysfunctions and a significant decrease in patients’ quality of life. Impaired chewing function changes the diet, causes digestive problems, and chronic pain syndrome provokes the development of psychological and emotional disorders.
 A systematic literature search was performed using the eLibrary, PubMed and CyberLeninka databases. 892 publications were received on the request "Modern approaches to treatment of temporomandibular joint diseases" and its analogues in Russian. 50 sources of domestic and foreign literature were selected in order to study the effectiveness of various methods of treating diseases of the temporomandibular joint. Review and original articles, meta-analyses and clinical recommendations are analyzed. It is established that current treatment strategy for temporomandibular joint disorders is based on a step-by-step approach – progressing from conservative methods to surgical ones, whilst taking the patient’s individual characteristics into account. It is therefore essential to carefully examine the opportunities and limitations of each method in order to develop personalised treatment programmes for patients with temporomandibular joint disorders.

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