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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Medica Eurasica</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2413-4864</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4864</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47026/2413-4864-2026-1-44-55</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Эффективность терапии вторичного иммунодефицита с применением бактериофагов: клинический случай</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effectiveness of secondary immunodeficiency therapy using bacteriophages: a clinical case</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луткова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutkova</surname><given-names>Tatiana S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>lts21@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2368-5084</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сперанская</surname><given-names>Екатерина Михайловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Speranskaya</surname><given-names>Ekaterina M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>ne28@bk.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0946-3434</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Наталия Петровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>Natalia P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>Nataliutt@ya.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1989-3334</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаева</surname><given-names>Алла Васильевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaeva</surname><given-names>Alla V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>alushta111@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леженина</surname><given-names>Светлана Валерьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lezhenina</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>svl-8@bk.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1034-198X</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Chuvash State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Чувашский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><self-uri xlink:href="https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/single/2026/1/5/" xlink:title="https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/single/2026/1/5/">https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/single/2026/1/5/</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-517be16a-8393-4436-b52c-3652ebe32aa1.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме практической медицины – вторичным иммунодефицитам. В практике врача первичного звена любой специальности пациенты с вторичными иммунодефицитами встречаются значительно чаще, чем лица с первичными иммунодефицитами, однако диагностируются они крайне редко. На сегодняшний день отсутствует официальный диагноз «вторичный иммунодефицит», что обусловливает гиподиагностику этого состояния и отсутствие унифицированных подходов к его терапии. Известно, что вторичные иммунодефициты развиваются на фоне исходно нормально функционировавшей иммунной системы и могут проявиться в любом возрасте. Важным клиническим признаком вторичного иммунодефицита является повышенная инфекционная заболеваемость, обусловленная снижением числа и/или функциональной активности клеток иммунной системы. Наиболее часто вторичные иммунодефициты проявляются респираторными заболеваниями с поражением верхних дыхательных путей и формированием очагов хронической инфекции: назофарингитов, риносинуситов, отитов, тонзиллитов. Вирусные инфекции угнетают преимущественно клеточное звено иммунитета, снижая активность CD4-лимфоцитов, и вызывают дисбаланс цитокинов. Частое, иногда необоснованное назначение антибиотиков приводит к нарушению микрофлоры кишечника, что может усугублять течение вторичного иммунодефицита. В статье рассмотрены основные причины развития вторичных иммунодефицитов, представлены клиническая классификация и общие подходы к ведению пациентов. Показана значимость клинико-лабораторного обследования для уточнения пораженного звена иммунитета. В динамике терапии пациента проанализированы иммунологические показатели и данные микробиологического исследования кала. Описан клинический случай пациента с вторичным иммунодефицитом, демонстрирующий эффективность терапии с применением бактериофагов.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article is devoted to an urgent problem of practical medicine – secondary immunodeficiencies. In the practice of a primary care physician of any specialty, patients with secondary immunodeficiencies are much more common than those with primary immunodeficiency, but they are extremely rarely diagnosed. To date, there is no official diagnosis "secondary immunodeficiency", which explains why this condition is underdiagnosed and why there are no standardized approaches to its treatment. Secondary immunodeficiencies are known to develop in individuals whose immune systems were initially functioning normally and can manifest at any age. An important clinical sign of secondary immunodeficiency is an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, caused by a reduction in the number and/or functional activity of immune system cells. Secondary immunodeficiencies most commonly manifest by respiratory diseases affecting the upper respiratory tract, formation of foci of chronic infection: nasopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, otitis media, tonsillitis. Viral infections mainly inhibit the cellular component of the immune system, reducing the activity of CD4-lymphocytes, and cause an imbalance of cytokines. Frequent, sometimes unjustified prescribing of antibiotics leads to disruption of the intestinal microflora, which can worsen the course of secondary immunodeficiency. The article examines the main causes of secondary immunodeficiency, clinical classification and general approaches to patient management. The importance of a clinical and laboratory examination to clarify the affected link of immunity is shown. As part of the patient’s treatment, immunological parameters and the results of microbiological stool tests were analyzed. A clinical case of a patient with secondary immunodeficiency is described, demonstrating the effectiveness of therapy using bacteriophages.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вторичный иммунодефицит</kwd><kwd>оценка иммунного статуса</kwd><kwd>бактериофаги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>secondary immunodeficiency</kwd><kwd>assessment of immune status</kwd><kwd>bacteriophages</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Акимкин В.Г., Дарбеева О.С., Колков В.Ф. Бактериофаги: исторические и современные аспекты их применения: опыт и клинические перспективы // Клиническая практика. 2010. № 4(4). С. 48–54.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Акимкин В.Г., Ефименко Н.А. Использование бактериофагов в практике лечения различных патологий хирургического и терапевтического профиля: методические рекомендации. М.: НМЦ ГВКГ им. акад. Н.Н. 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