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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Acta Medica Eurasica</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2413-4864</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-4864</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47026/2413-4864-2026-1-34-43</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Особенности проявлений митохондриальной дисфункции при церебральной ишемии различного генеза в контексте возможной нейропротекторной терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of mitochondrial dysfunction in cerebral ischaemia of various aetiologies in the context of potential neuroprotective therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ревякина</surname><given-names>Дарья Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Revyakina</surname><given-names>Daria N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>revyakinadaria@yandex.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9578-0460</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харитонова</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharitonova</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>incentra@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7840-9269</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздняков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyakov</surname><given-names>Dmitry I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>pozdniackow.dmitry@yandex.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-8182</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабанова</surname><given-names>Наталья Борисовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabanova</surname><given-names>Natalia B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>vahlushina@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7693-5182</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геращенко</surname><given-names>Анастасия Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerashchenko</surname><given-names>Anastasia D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>anastasia_gerashchenko@mail.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0294-2926</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><self-uri xlink:href="https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/single/2026/1/4/" xlink:title="https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/single/2026/1/4/">https://acta-medica-eurasica.ru/single/2026/1/4/</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-7f1ea39a-d8f3-44f2-9151-73b4e027c818.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Митохондриальная дисфункция является одной из составляющих патогенеза церебральной ишемии. Степень развития митохондриальных нарушений значительно варьируется от характера ишемического повреждения, что может оказывать влияние не только на течение заболевания, но и на успех проводимой фармакотерапии, например, нейропротекторами. Цель исследования – поиск релевантных количественных биомаркеров митохондриальной дисфункции в условиях ишемии головного мозга различного генеза для рационального выбора и разработки нейропротекторных средств. Материалы и методы. Церебральную ишемию моделировали у крыс Вистар. Фокальную ишемию головного мозга индуцировали путем необратимой правосторонней окклюзии средней мозговой артерии. Субтотальную ишемию воспроизводили перевязкой правой общей сонной артерии. Через 72 ч у крыс оценивали изменение величины зоны некроза, а также интенсивность аэробного/анаэробного дыхания, активность цитратсинтазы и сукцинатдегидрогеназы, содержание АТФ и цитохрома С. Зависимость изменения зоны некроза от показателей митохондриальной функции выявляли в ходе регрессионного анализа. Результаты. В ходе исследования было установлено, что у животных в условиях как фокальной, так и субтотальной ишемии отмечается формирование некротического очага. При этом у крыс с фокальной ишемией зона церебрального некроза была выше, чем у животных с субтотальной ишемией. Также оба варианта церебральной ишемии приводили к развитию митохондриальной дисфункции, которая выражалась в уменьшении аэробного метаболизма, активации анаэробных процессов, снижении активности митохондриальных ферментов и высвобождении проапоптотического цитохрома С. Полученные уравнения регрессии позволили установить, что у животных с фокальной ишемией изменение зоны некроза в большей степени зависит от активности цитратсинтазы (R2 = 0,7551; AIC = 4,6684), тогда как у крыс с субтотальной ишемией формирование инфарктной зоны в наибольшей степени зависит от ровня аэробного дыхания (R2 = 0,9553; AIC = 2,1014). Выводы. Полученные результаты позволяют предположить, что в условиях фокальной ишемии формирование зоны некроза в большей степени зависит от активности цитратсинтазы и, соответственно, новообразования митохондрий. При субтотальной ишемии церебральный некроз находится в тесной взаимосвязи с активностью аэробных процессов обмена. Данные различия в проявлении митохондриальной дисфункции могут служить основой для рационального выбора доклинической модели ишемии мозга при изучении новых соединений-нейропротекторов.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischaemia. The extent of mitochondrial dysfunction varies considerably depending on the nature of ischaemic damage, which may influence not only the course of the disease but also the success of pharmacotherapy, for example with neuroprotective agents. The aim of the study was to search for relevant quantitative biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in conditions of cerebral ischemia of various origins for rational selection and development of neuroprotective agents. Materials and methods. Cerebral ischemia was modeled in Wistar rats. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by irreversible right-sided occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Subtotal ischemia was reproduced by ligation of the right common carotid artery. In 72 hours, the rats were assessed for changes in the size of the necrosis zone, as well as the intensity of aerobic/anaerobic respiration, the activity of citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase, the content of ATP and cytochrome C. The dependence of changes in the necrosis zone on mitochondrial function indicators was assessed during regression analysis. Results. During the study, it was established that formation of a necrotic focus is noted in animals with both focal and subtotal ischemia. At this, in rats with focal ischaemia, the area of cerebral necrosis was larger than in animals with subtotal ischemia. Also, both variants of cerebral ischemia led to the development of mitochondrial dysfunction, which was expressed in a decrease in aerobic metabolism, activation of anaerobic processes, a decrease in the activity of mitochondrial enzymes and the release of pro-apoptotic cytochrome C. The regression equations obtained made it possible to establish that in animals with focal ischemia, the change in the necrosis zone is more dependent on the activity of citrate synthase (R2 = 0.7551; AIC = 4.6684), whereas in rats with subtotal ischemia, formation of the infarction zone depends most on the level of aerobic respiration (R2 = 0.9553; AIC = 2.1014). Conclusions. The results obtained suggest that in conditions of focal ischemia, formation of a necrosis zone is more dependent on the activity of citrate synthase and, accordingly, mitochondrial neoplasms. In subtotal ischemia, cerebral necrosis is closely related to the activity of aerobic metabolic processes. These differences in manifestation of mitochondrial dysfunction can serve as the basis for a rational choice of a preclinical model of cerebral ischemia when investigating new neuroprotective compounds.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемия головного мозга</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>регрессионный анализ</kwd><kwd>нейропротекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral ischemia</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>regression analysis</kwd><kwd>neuroprotection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Buchan A.M., Pelz D.M. Neuroprotection in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Brief Review. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 2022, vol. 49(6), pp. 741–745. DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2021.223.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Chhimpa N., Singh N., Puri N., Kayath H. P. 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